« Previous
Next »
Diagnostic Histopathology
Volume 14, Issue 4
, Pages 175-188
, April 2008
Uterine mesenchymal tumors: a review of selected topics
References
- . Endometrial stromal sarcoma. Surg Gynecol Obstet. 1965;121:531–537
- Prognostic factors in early-stage uterine sarcoma. A Gynecologic Oncology Group study. Cancer. 1993;71:1702–1709
- . Endometrial stromal sarcoma: review of Mayo Clinic experience, 1945–1980. Gynecol Oncol. 1989;35:8–14
- . Primary uterine endometrial stromal neoplasms. A clinicopathologic study of 117 cases. Am J Surg Pathol. 1990;14:415–438
- . Smooth muscle, endometrial stromal, and mixed Mullerian tumors of the uterus. Mod Pathol. 2000;13:328–342
- . Mesenchymal tumors of the uterus I. A clinical and pathological study of 53 endometrial stromal tumors. Cancer. 1966;19:755–766
- . Endometrial stromal tumors: an update on a group of tumors with a protean phenotype. Adv Anat Pathol. 2000;7:257–281
- . Mesenchymal tumours of the uterus. VII. A clinicopathological study of 60 endometrial stromal nodules. Histopathology. 1981;5:1–10
- . Endometrial stromal sarcoma and poorly differentiated endometrial sarcoma. Cancer. 1982;50:2170–2182
- . Uterine endolymphatic stromal myosis: a collaborative study. Obstet Gynecol. 1984;64:173–178
- . Mixed epithelial and mesenchymal tumours. In: Tavassoli FA, Devilee P editor. World Health Organization classification of tumours. Pathology and genetics of tumours of the breast and female genital organs. Lyon: IARC Press; 2003;p. 245–249
- . High-grade sarcoma in endometrial stromal sarcoma: dedifferentiated endometrial stromal sarcoma. Mod Pathol. 2006;19:188A;(abstract 872)
- Endometrial stromal sarcoma: objective response to letrozole. Gynecol Oncol. 2001;82:384–388
- Low-grade endometrial stromal sarcoma: hormonal aspects. Gynecol Oncol. 2003;90:170–176
- Hormonal treatment of an endometrial stromal nodule followed by local excision. Obstet Gynecol. 1999;93:805–807
- . The pathology of uterine smooth muscle tumors and mixed endometrial stromal-smooth muscle tumors: a selective review with emphasis on recent advances. Int J Gynecol Pathol. 2000;19:39–55
- Uterine endometrial stromal sarcoma with smooth muscle and glandular differentiation. J Clin Pathol. 2001;54:481–483
- Mixed endometrial stromal and smooth muscle tumors of the uterus: a clinicopathologic study of 15 cases. Am J Surg Pathol. 1998;22:997–1005
- . Atlas of tumor pathology: tumors of the uterine corpus and gestational trophoblastic disease. Vol. 3. Washington, DC: Armed Forces Institute of Pathology; 1992;p. 141–146
- . Endometrial stromal sarcomas with unusual histologic features: a report of 24 primary and metastatic tumors emphasizing fibroblastic and smooth muscle differentiation. Am J Surg Pathol. 2002;26:1142–1150
- Myxoid and fibrous endometrial stromal tumors of the uterus: a report of 10 cases. Int J Gynecol Pathol. 2002;18:310–319
- . Endometrial low-grade stromal sarcoma with ovarian sex cord-like differentiation: report of two cases with an immunohistochemical and flow cytometric study. Pathol Int. 1997;47:412–415
- Low-grade endometrial stromal sarcoma with an extensive epithelial-like element. Pathol Int. 2003;53:246–251
- . Epithelioid endometrial and endometrioid stromal tumors: a report of four cases emphasizing their distinction from epithelioid smooth muscle tumors and other oxyphilic uterine and extrauterine tumors. Int J Gynecol Pathol. 2002;21:48–55
- . Endometrial stromal sarcomas of the uterus with extensive endometrioid glandular differentiation: a report of three cases that caused problems in differential diagnosis. Int J Gynecol Pathol. 1992;11:163–173
- . Extrauterine low-grade endometrial stromal sarcoma with florid endometrioid glandular differentiation. Int J Gynecol Pathol. 2001;20:395–398
- . Unusual morphologic features of endometrial stromal tumors: a report of 2 cases. Am J Surg Pathol. 2005;29:1394–1398
- . Endometrial stromal sarcoma metastatic to the lung: a detailed analysis of 16 patients. Am J Surg Pathol. 2002;26:440–449
- . Pulmonary metastases in patients with low-grade endometrial stromal sarcoma: clinicopathologic findings with immunohistochemical characterization. Am J Surg Pathol. 1989;13:133–140
- . Intravenous leiomyomatosis of the uterus: a clinicopathologic analysis of 16 cases with unusual histologic features. Am J Surg Pathol. 1988;12:932–945
- Benign metastasizing leiomyomas: a review of 21 cases. Lab Invest. 1978;38:367;(abstract)
- Cystic pulmonary metastatic sarcoma. Cancer. 1990;65:1805–1811
- . Pulmonary metastases (with admixed epithelial elements) from smooth muscle neoplasms: report of nine cases, including three males. Am J Surg Pathol. 1979;3:325–342
- . Distinction of endometrial stromal sarcomas from ‘hemangiopericytomatous’ tumors using a panel of immunohistochemical stains. Mod Pathol. 2005;18:40–47
- . Paraffin-section detection of CD10 in 505 nonhematopoietic neoplasms. Frequent expression in renal cell carcinoma and endometrial stromal sarcoma. Am J Clin Pathol. 2000;113:374–382
- . Utility of CD10 in distinguishing between endometrial stromal sarcoma and uterine smooth muscle tumors: an immunohistochemical comparison of 34 cases. Mod Pathol. 2001;14:465–471
- . CD10 is a sensitive and diagnostically useful immunohistochemical marker of normal endometrial stroma and of endometrial stromal neoplasms. Histopathology. 2001;39:273–278
- . An immunohistochemical analysis of endometrial stromal and smooth muscle tumors of the uterus: a study of 54 cases emphasizing the importance of using a panel because of overlap in immunoreactivity for individual antibodies. Am J Surg Pathol. 2002;26:403–412
- . Endometrial stromal neoplasms are immunoreactive with WT-1 antibody. Int J Gynecol Pathol. 2004;23:241–247
- . Steroid hormone receptors in endometrial stromal sarcomas. A biochemical and immunohistochemical study. Am J Clin Pathol. 1992;97:381–386
- . An immunohistochemical study of normal endometrial stroma and endometrial stromal neoplasms. Evidence for smooth muscle differentiation. Am J Surg Pathol. 1991;15:861–870
- . h-Caldesmon expression effectively distinguishes endometrial stromal tumors from uterine smooth muscle tumors. Am J Surg Pathol. 2001;25:455–463
- . h-Caldesmon, a novel smooth muscle-specific antibody, distinguishes between cellular leiomyoma and endometrial stromal sarcoma. Am J Surg Pathol. 2001;25:253–258
- . Localized pleural metastatic adenosarcoma of the uterine cervix mimicking a malignant solitary fibrous tumour: CD10 has no value in differential diagnosis. Histopathology. 2002;41:82–88
- Steroid hormone receptor in pleural solitary fibrous tumours and CD34+ progenitor stromal cells. J Pathol. 2002;198:252–257
- . Atypical solitary fibrous tumor of the vulva. Int J Gynecol Pathol. 2000;19:164–168
- . Uterine tumors resembling ovarian sex-cord tumors have an immunophenotype consistent with true sex-cord differentiation. Am J Surg Pathol. 1998;22:1078–1082
- . Inhibin and CD99 (MIC2) expression in uterine stromal neoplasms with sex-cord-like elements. Hum Pathol. 1999;30:671–679
- . Uterine tumors resembling ovarian sex cord tumors are polyphenotypic neoplasms with true sex cord differentiation. Mod Pathol. 2006;19:17–24
- . Uterine tumors resembling ovarian sex-cord tumors. A study of 13 cases showing a diverse phenotypic profile. Mod Pathol. 2006;19:176A
- . High frequency of JAZF1-JJAZ1 gene fusion in endometrial stromal tumors with smooth muscle differentiation by interphase FISH detection. Am J Surg Pathol. 2007;31:1277–1284
- . Molecular analysis of the JAZF1-JJAZ1 gene fusion by RT-PCR and fluorescence in situ hybridization in endometrial stromal neoplasms. Am J Surg Pathol. 2007;31:65–70
- . Molecular detection of JAZF1-JJAZ1 gene fusion in endometrial stromal neoplasms with classic and variant histology: evidence for genetic heterogeneity. Am J Surg Pathol. 2004;28:224–232
- Frequent fusion of the JAZF1 and JJAZ1 genes in endometrial stromal tumors. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2001;98:6348–6353
- . Endometrial stromal nodules and endometrial stromal tumors with limited infiltration: a clinicopathologic study of 50 cases. Am J Surg Pathol. 2002;26:567–581
- . Cellular benign mesenchymal tumors of the uterus. A comparative morphologic and immunohistochemical analysis of 33 highly cellular leiomyomas and six endometrial stromal nodules, two frequently confused tumors. Am J Surg Pathol. 1995;19:757–768
- . Smooth muscle neoplasms of the uterus other than ordinary leiomyoma. A study of 46 cases, with emphasis on diagnostic criteria and prognostic factors. Cancer. 1988;62:2239–2247
- . Mesenchymal tumors of the uterus. V. Intravenous leiomyomatosis. A clinical and pathologic study of 14 cases. Cancer. 1975;36:2164–2178
- . Mesenchymal tumors of the uterus. VI. Epithelioid smooth muscle tumors including leiomyoblastoma and clear-cell leiomyoma: a clinical and pathologic analysis of 26 cases. Cancer. 1976;37:1853–1865
- . Epithelioid smooth-muscle tumors of the uterus: a clinicopathologic study of 18 patients. Am J Surg Pathol. 1997;21:383–391
- . Uterine tumors resembling ovarian sex-cord tumors. A clinicopathologic analysis of fourteen cases. Am J Clin Pathol. 1976;66:512–525
- . The epidemiology of sarcomas of the uterus. J Natl Cancer Inst. 1986;76:399–402
- . Problematic uterine smooth muscle neoplasms. A clinicopathologic study of 213 cases. Am J Surg Pathol. 1994;18:535–558
- The concomitant determination of different tumor markers in patients with epithelial ovarian cancer and benign ovarian masses: relevance for differential diagnosis. Gynecol Oncol. 1992;44:147–154
- . Leiomyosarcoma in a series of hysterectomies performed for presumed uterine leiomyomas. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1990;162:968–974(discussion 974–976)
- . Uterine sarcoma in patients operated on for presumed leiomyoma and rapidly growing leiomyoma. Obstet Gynecol. 1994;83:414–418
- . Leiomyosarcoma of the uterus: clinicopathologic study of 21 cases. Gynecol Oncol. 1985;21:220–227
- . Treatment of uterine leiomyosarcoma. Obstet Gynecol. 1988;71(6 Pt 1):845–850
- . Morphologic features of prognostic significance in uterine smooth muscle tumors: a review of eighty-four cases. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1979;135:109–114
- . Prognostic factors in uterine leiomyosarcoma. A clinical and histopathological study of 143 cases. The Radiumhemmet series 1936–1981. Acta Oncol. 1990;29:185–191
- . Uterine sarcoma: analysis of prognostic variables in 71 cases. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1985;151:1016–1022
- . Sarcomas of the uterus: a clinicopathologic study of 119 patients. Obstet Gynecol. 1986;67:417–424
- . Uterine sarcomas: a clinicopathologic study, 1965–1981. Gynecol Oncol. 1984;18:299–312
- Leiomyosarcoma of the uterus: a clinicopathologic multicenter study of 71 cases. Gynecol Oncol. 1999;74:196–201
- Prognostic parameters for survival of patients with malignant mesenchymal tumors of the uterus. Cancer. 1996;78:2543–2550
- . The prognostic significance of stage, tumor size, cellular atypia and DNA ploidy in uterine leiomyosarcoma. Acta Oncol. 1995;34:797–802
- Analysis of clinicopathologic prognostic factors for 157 uterine sarcomas and evaluation of a grading score validated for soft tissue sarcoma. Cancer. 2000;88:1425–1431
- A multivariate analysis of clinicopathologic factors for predicting outcome in uterine sarcomas. Gynecol Oncol. 1994;52:56–62
- Histologic prognostic factors in stage I uterine leiomyosarcoma: a clinicopathologic study of 28 cases. Mod Pathol. 2007;20:217A;(abstract 994)
- . Evaluating prognostic parameters in women with uterine leiomyosarcoma. A clinicopathologic study. J Reprod Med. 2003;48:95–100
- . Leiomyosarcoma of the uterus: a clinicopathologic study of 21 cases. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 2003;82:74–81
- . Clinicopathologic study of 28 uterine leiomyosarcomas with metastasis. Int J Gynecol Pathol. 1995;14:243–249
- Retrospective review of 208 patients with leiomyosarcoma of the uterus: prognostic indicators, surgical management, and adjuvant therapy. Gynecol Oncol. 2003;89:460–469
- Giuntoli 2nd RL, Gostout BS, DiMarco CS, et al. Diagnostic criteria for uterine smooth muscle tumors: continued refinement is necessary. In: Thirty-sixth annual meeting on women’s cancer of the society of gynecologic oncologists. Miami, FL, USA; March 2005 (abstract 228).
- A randomized study of adriamycin with and without dimethyl triazenoimidazole carboxamide in advanced uterine sarcomas. Cancer. 1983;52:626–632
- . Combination chemotherapy with hydroxyurea, dacarbazine (DTIC), and etoposide in the treatment of uterine leiomyosarcoma: a Gynecologic Oncology Group study. Gynecol Oncol. 1996;61:27–30
- . Ifosfamide and doxorubicin in the treatment of advanced leiomyosarcomas of the uterus: a Gynecologic Oncology Group study. Gynecol Oncol. 1996;62:226–229
- Gemcitabine and docetaxel in patients with unresectable leiomyosarcoma: results of a phase II trial. J Clin Oncol. 2002;20:2824–2831
- Activity of dose rate-based gemcitabine plus docetaxel in leiomyosarcoma (LMS) and other histologies: report of an expanded phase II trial. Proc Amer Soc Clin Oncol. 2004;23:
- A randomized clinical trial of adjuvant adriamycin in uterine sarcomas: a Gynecologic Oncology Group Study. J Clin Oncol. 1985;3:1240–1245
- Hensley ML. Uterine sarcomas: advances for advanced disease and updates on adjuvant therapy. In: American society of clinical oncology 2006 educational book, 2006, p. 301–304.
- . Observations on the use of adjuvant radiation therapy in patients with stage I and II uterine sarcoma. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 1986;12:2127–2130
- . Myxoid smooth muscle tumors of the uterus. Mod Pathol. 2001;14:132A
- . Myxoid leiomyosarcoma of the uterus. A report of six cases. Am J Surg Pathol. 1982;6:589–598
- . Epithelioid smooth muscle tumors of the uterus. Mod Pathol. 2001;14:132A
- . A comparative immunohistochemical study of uterine smooth muscle neoplasms with emphasis on the epithelioid variant. Hum Pathol. 1994;25:671–677
- Expression of steroid receptors, Ki-67, and p53 in uterine leiomyosarcomas. Int J Gynecol Pathol. 1999;18:20–28
- . MIB-1 (Ki-67), p53, estrogen receptor, and progesterone receptor expression in uterine smooth muscle tumors. Hum Pathol. 2001;32:984–987
- Tissue microarray immunohistochemical expression of estrogen, progesterone, and androgen receptors in uterine leiomyomata and leiomyosarcoma. Cancer. 2004;101:1455–1462
- p53, epidermal growth factor, and platelet-derived growth factor in uterine leiomyosarcoma and leiomyomas. Int J Gynecol Cancer. 2006;16:849–853
- Analysis of Ki-ras, p53, and MDM2 genes in uterine leiomyomas and leiomyosarcomas. Gynecol Oncol. 1997;65:330–335
- . Frequent occurrence of loss of heterozygosity among tumor suppressor genes in uterine leiomyosarcoma. Gynecol Oncol. 1999;75:453–459
- . Leiomyosarcoma versus bizarre and cellular leiomyomas of the uterus: a comparative study based on the MIB-1 and proliferating cell nuclear antigen indices, p53 expression, DNA flow cytometry, and muscle specific actins. Int J Gynecol Pathol. 1995;14:134–142
- . Benign metastasizing leiomyoma of the uterus: histologic and immunohistochemical characterization of primary and metastatic lesions. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 1999;123:960–962
- Benign metastasizing leiomyoma: a cytogenetically balanced but clonal disease. Hum Pathol. 2000;31:126–128
- . Peritoneal leiomyomatosis (leiomyomatosis peritonealis disseminata): a clinicopathologic study of 20 cases with ultrastructural observations. Int J Gynecol Pathol. 1982;1:59–74
- . Distinctive cytogenetic profile in benign metastasizing leiomyoma: pathogenetic implications. Am J Surg Pathol. 2007;31:737–743
- Clear cell myomelanocytic tumor of the falciform ligament/ligamentum teres: a novel member of the perivascular epithelioid clear cell family of tumors with a predilection for children and young adults. Am J Surg Pathol. 2000;24:1239–1246
- . Perivascular epithelioid cell tumor (‘PEComa’) of the uterus: a subset of HMB-45-positive epithelioid mesenchymal neoplasms with an uncertain relationship to pure smooth muscle tumors. Am J Surg Pathol. 2002;26:1–13
- . Uterine epithelioid leiomyosarcomas with clear cells: reactivity with HMB-45 and the concept of PEComa. Am J Surg Pathol. 2004;28:244–249
- . Perivascular epithelioid cell tumor of the uterus: report of four cases. Int J Gynecol Pathol. 2005;24:341–346
- . Perivascular epithelioid cell neoplasms of soft tissue and gynecologic origin: a clinicopathologic study of 26 cases and review of the literature. Am J Surg Pathol. 2005;29:1558–1575
- . HMB-45 reactivity in conventional uterine leiomyosarcomas. Am J Surg Pathol. 2007;31:95–98
- Expression of melanocytic (“PEComa”) markers in smooth muscle tumors of the uterus: an immunohistochemical analysis of 86 cases. Mod Pathol. 2006;19:191A;(abstract 884)
- . Trophoblastic pseudotumor of the uterus: an exaggerated form of “syncytial endometritis” simulating a malignant tumor. Cancer. 1976;38:1214–1226
- . Proliferations and tumors of intermediate trophoblast of the placental site. Semin Diagn Pathol. 1988;5:223–237
- . Placental site trophoblastic tumor: A study of 55 cases and review of the literature emphasizing factors of prognostic significance. Gynecol Oncol. 2006;100:511–520
- . The significance of epithelial differentiation in mixed mesodermal tumors of the uterus. A clinicopathologic and immunohistochemical study. Am J Surg Pathol. 1990;14:317–328
- . Malignant biphasic uterine tumours: carcinosarcomas or metaplastic carcinomas?. J Clin Pathol. 2002;55:321–325
- . Uterine carcinosarcomas (malignant mixed Mullerian tumors) are metaplastic carcinomas. Int J Gynecol Cancer. 2002;12:687–690
- . Carcinosarcomas of the female genital tract. A pathologic study of 29 metastatic tumors: further evidence for the dominant role of the epithelial component and the conversion theory of histogenesis. Am J Surg Pathol. 1995;19:666–674
- Carcinosarcoma (malignant mixed mesodermal tumor) of the uterus. A Gynecologic Oncology Group pathologic study of 203 cases. Int J Gynecol Pathol. 1990;9:1–19
- . Pathologic variables and adjuvant therapy as predictors of recurrence and survival for patients with surgically evaluated carcinosarcoma of the uterus. Cancer. 2000;88:2782–2786
- . Malignant mixed mullerian tumor versus high-grade endometrial carcinoma and aggressive variants of endometrial carcinoma: a comparative analysis of survival. Int J Gynecol Pathol. 1995;14:39–44
- Clinicopathologic analysis of 187 high-grade endometrial carcinomas of different histologic subtypes: similar outcomes belie distinctive biologic differences. Am J Surg Pathol. 2007;31:979–987
- Is there a difference in outcome between stage I-II endometrial cancer of papillary serous/clear cell and endometrioid FIGO grade 3 cancer?. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2002;54:79–85
- . Prognostic features of surgical stage I uterine carcinosarcoma. Am J Surg Pathol. 2007;31:1653–1661
- . Clinicopathologic features of rhabdomyosarcoma of gynecologic origin in adults. Am J Surg Pathol. 2007;31:382–389
- . Malignant mullerian mixed tumor of the uterus with a prominent alpha-fetoprotein-producing component of yolk sac tumor. Mod Pathol. 1996;9:647–651
- . Carcinosarcoma of the uterine body of mesonephric origin. Pathol Int. 1995;45:303–309(Erratum in: Pathol Int 1995; 45: 541)
- . Malignant mixed Mullerian tumor with rhabdoid features: a report of two cases and a review of the literature. Gynecol Oncol. 1999;73:145–150
- . Carcinosarcoma of the uterus with extensive neuroectodermal differentiation. Histopathology. 1996;29:565–570
- Uterine carcinosarcoma with melanocytic differentiation. Int J Gynecol Pathol. 2001;20:186–190
- . Primary mesenteric malignant mixed mesodermal (mullerian) tumor with neuroendocrine differentiation. Mod Pathol. 2001;14:515–520
- . Mutation of the INI1 gene in composite rhabdoid tumor of the endometrium. Hum Pathol. 2007;38:935–939
- Wilms Tumor Gene (WT1) and p53 expression in endometrial carcinomas: a study of 130 cases using a tissue microarray. Gynecol Oncol. 2004;94:449–455
- . Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) protein overexpression is significant in endometrial carcinosarcoma in contrast to other endometrial carcinomas and is not associated with EGFR gene amplification. Mod Pathol. 2007;20:192A;(abstract 878)
- . Uterine carcinosarcoma: immunohistochemical studies on tissue microarrays with focus on potential therapeutic targets. Gynecol Oncol. 2007;105:138–144
- . EGFR expression and HER2/neu overexpression/amplification in endometrial carcinosarcoma. Gynecol Oncol. 2006;100:101–106
- ERBB-2 gene overexpression and amplification in uterine sarcomas. Gynecol Oncol. 2004;95:583–587
- . Endometrioid carcinomas of the uterine corpus with sex cord-like formations, hyalinization, and other unusual morphologic features: a report of 31 cases of a neoplasm that may be confused with carcinosarcoma and other uterine neoplasms. Am J Surg Pathol. 2005;29:157–166
- . Endometrioid carcinoma of the ovary with a prominent spindle-cell component, a source of diagnostic confusion. A report of 14 cases. Am J Surg Pathol. 1995;19:1343–1353
- . Association of low-grade endometrioid carcinoma of the uterus and ovary with undifferentiated carcinoma: a new type of dedifferentiated carcinoma?. Int J Gynecol Pathol. 2006;25:52–58
- . Undifferentiated carcinoma of the endometrium. Am J Surg Pathol. 2005;29:1316–1321
- . Mullerian adenosarcoma of the uterus: a clinicopathologic analysis of 100 cases with a review of the literature. Hum Pathol. 1990;21:363–381
- . Mullerian adenosarcomas of the uterus with sarcomatous overgrowth. A clinicopathological analysis of 10 cases. Am J Surg Pathol. 1989;13:28–38
- . Adenofibroma and adenosarcoma of the uterus: a clinicopathologic study of 35 cases. Cancer. 1981;48:354–366
- . Evaluation of the relationship between adenosarcoma and carcinosarcoma and a hypothesis of the histogenesis of uterine sarcomas. Int J Gynecol Pathol. 2003;22:75–82
PII: S1756-2317(08)00033-9
doi: 10.1016/j.mpdhp.2008.02.009
© 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
« Previous
Next »
Diagnostic Histopathology
Volume 14, Issue 4
, Pages 175-188
, April 2008

