Diagnostic Histopathology
Volume 15, Issue 1 , Pages 51-54 , January 2009

Anal spindle cell lesion

References 

  1. Winburg GB. Anal carcinoma or “just hemorrhoids”?. Am J Surg Pathol. 2001;67:1048–1058
  2. Klas JV, Rothenberger DA, Wong WD, Madoff RD. Malignant tumors of the anal canal: the spectrum of disease, treatment, and outcomes. Cancer. 1999;85:1686–1693
  3. Balachandra B, Marcus V, Jass JR. Poorly differentiated tumours of the anal canal: a diagnostic strategy for the surgical pathologist. Histopathology. 2007;50:163–174
  4. Miettinen M, Majidi M, Lasota J. Pathology and diagnostic criteria of gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs): a review. Eur J Cancer. 2002;38(Suppl. 5):S39–S51
  5. Mietinnen M, Lasota J. Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs): definition, occurrence, pathology, differential diagnosis and molecular genetics. Pol J Pathol. 2003;54:3–24
  6. Sarlomo-Rikala M, Kovatich AJ, Barusevicius A, Miettinen M. CD117: a sensitive marker for gastrointestinal stromal tumors that is more specific than CD34. Mod Pathol. 1998;11:728–734
  7. Parfitt JR, Rodriquez-Justo M, Faekins R, Novelli MR. Gastrointestinal Kaposi’s sarcoma: CD117 expression and the potential for misdiagnosis as gastrointestinal stromal tumour. Histopathology. 2008;52:816–823
  8. Miettinen M, Sobin LH, Sarlomo-Rikala M. Immunohistochemical spectrum of GISTs at different sites and their differential diagnosis with a reference to CD117 (KIT). Mod Pathol. 2000;13:1134–1142
  9. Lasota J, Miettinen M. KIT and PDGFRA mutations in gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs). Semin Diagn Pathol. 2006;23:91–102
  10. Heinrich MC, Corless CL, Duensing A, et al. PDGFRA activating mutations in gastrointestinal stromal tumors. Science. 2003;299:708–710
  11. Cassier PA, Dufresne A, Arifi S, et al. Imatinib mesilate for the treatment of gastrointestinal stromal tumour. Expert Opin Pharmacother. 2008;9:1211–1222
  12. Rivera RS, Nagatsuka H, Ginduz M, et al. C-kit protein expression correlated with activating mutations in KIT gene in oral mucosal melanoma. Virchows Arch. 2008;452:27–32
  13. Wyman K, Atkins MB, Prieto V, et al. Multicenter phase II trial of high-dose imatinib mesylate in metastatic melanoma: significant toxicity with no clinical efficacy. Cancer. 2006;106:2005–2011
  14. Demetri GD. Targeting c-kit mutations in solid tumors: scientific rationale and novel therapeutic options. Semin Oncol. 2001;28(Suppl.):19–26
  15. Willmore-Payne C, Holden JA, Tripp S, Layfield LJ. Human malignant melanoma: detection of BRAF- and c-kit-activating mutations by high-resolution amplicon melting analysis. Hum Pathol. 2005;36:486–493
  16. Becker JC, Bröcker EB. Imatinib in melanoma: A selective treatment option based on KIT mutation status?. J Clin Oncol. 2007;25:9e
  17. Antonescu CR, Busam KJ, Francone TD, et al. L576P KIT mutation in anal melanomas correlates with KIT protein expression and is sensitive to specific kinase inhibition. Int J Cancer. 2007;121:257–264
  18. Curtin JA, Busam K, Pinkel D, Bastian BC. Somatic activation of KIT in distinct subtypes of melanoma. J Clin Oncol. 2006;24:4340–4346
  19. Batsakis JG, Suarez P. Mucosal melanomas: a review. Adv Anat Pathol. 2000;7:167–180
  20. Podnos YD, Tsai NC, Smith D, Ellenhorn JD. Factors affecting survival in patients with anal melanoma. Am Surg. 2006;72:917–920
  21. David AW, Perakath B. Management of anorectal melanomas: a 10-year review. Trop Gastroenterol. 2007;28:76–78
  22. Hodi FS, Friedlander P, Corless CL, et al. Major response to imatinib mesylate in KIT-mutated melanoma. J Clin Oncol. 2008;26:2046–2051

PII: S1756-2317(08)00207-7

doi: 10.1016/j.mpdhp.2008.11.003

Diagnostic Histopathology
Volume 15, Issue 1 , Pages 51-54 , January 2009