Diagnostic Histopathology
Volume 15, Issue 12 , Pages 571-581 , December 2009

Problematic areas in the reporting of endometrial carcinomas in hysterectomy specimens

References 

  1. Clement PB, Young RH. Endometrioid carcinoma of the uterine corpus: a review of its pathology with emphasis on recent advances and problematic aspects. Adv Anat Pathol. 2002;9:145–184
  2. Clement PB, Young RH. Non-endometrioid carcinomas of the uterine corpus: a review of their pathology with emphasis on recent advances and problematic aspects. Adv Anat Pathol. 2004;11:117–142
  3. McCluggage WG. My approach to the interpretation of endometrial biopsies and curettings. J Clin Pathol. 2006;59:801–812
  4. Alkushi A, Abdul-Rahman ZH, Lim P, et al. Description of a novel system for grading of endometrial carcinoma and comparison with existing grading systems. Am J Surg Pathol. 2005;29:295–304
  5. Houghton JP, Roddy S, Carroll S, McCluggage WG. A simple method for the prevention of endometrial autolysis in hysterectomy specimens. J Clin Pathol. 2004;57:332–333
  6. FIGO Announcements, stages- 1988 Revision. Gynecol Oncol. 1989;35:125
  7. Jacques SM, Qureshi F, Munkarah A, Lawrence WD. Interinstitutional surgical pathology review in gynecologic oncology: II. Endometrial cancer in hysterectomy specimens. Int J Gynecol Pathol. 1998;17:42–45
  8. Creasman WT, Odicino F, Maisonneuve P, et al. Carcinoma of the corpus uteri. Int J Gynaecol Obstet. 2003;83:79–118
  9. Ali A, Black D, Soslow RA. Difficulties in assessing the depth of myometrial invasion in endometrial carcinoma. Int J Gynecol Pathol. 2007;26:115–123
  10. Williams JW, Hirschowitz L. Assessment of uterine wall thickness and position of the vascular plexus in the deep myometrium: implications for the measurement of depth of myometrial invasion of endometrial carcinomas. Int J Gynecol Pathol. 2006;25:59–64
  11. Jacques SM, Lawrence WD. Endometrial adenocarcinoma with variable-level myometrial involvement limited to adenomyosis. Gynecol Oncol. 1990;37:401–407
  12. Hall JB, Young RH, Nelson JH. The prognostic significance of adenomyosis in endometrial carcinoma. Gynecol Oncol. 1984;17:32–40
  13. Hernandez E, Woodruff JD. Endometrial adenocarcinoma arising in adenomyosis. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1980;138:827–832
  14. McCluggage WG, Sumathi VP, Maxwell P. CD10 is a sensitive and diagnostically useful immunohistochemical marker of normal endometrial stroma and of endometrial stromal neoplasms. Histopathology. 2001;39:273–278
  15. Sroden M, Klein WM, Kurman RJ. CD10 immunostaining does not distinguish endometrial carcinoma invading myometrium from carcinoma involving adenomyosis. Am J Surg Pathol. 2003;27:786–789
  16. Nascimento AF, Hirsh MS, Cviko A, et al. The role of CD10 staining in distinguishing invasive endometrial adenocarcinoma from adenocarcinoma involving adenomyosis. Mod Pathol. 2003;16:22–27
  17. Sasaki T, Sugiyama T, Nanjo H, et al. Endometrial adenocarcinoma arising from adenomyosis: report and immunohistochemical analysis of an unusual case. Pathol Int. 2001;51:308–313
  18. Koshiyama M, Suzuki A, Ozawa M, et al. Adenocarcinomas arising from adenomyosis uteri: a report of four cases. Int J Gynecol Pathol. 2002;21:239–245
  19. Longacre TA, Hendrickson MR. Diffusely infiltrative endometrial adenocarcinoma. An adenoma malignum pattern of myoinvasion. Am J Surg Pathol. 1999;23:69–78
  20. Landry D, Mai KT, Senterman MK, et al. Endometrioid adenocarcinoma of the uterus with a minimal deviation invasive pattern. Histopathology. 2003;42:77–82
  21. Mai KT, Perkins DG, Yazdi HM, Thomas J. Endometrioid carcinoma of the endometrium with an invasive component of minimal deviation carcinoma. Hum Pathol. 2002;33:856–858
  22. Mittal KR, Barwick KW. Diffusely infiltrating adenocarcinoma of the endometrium. A subtype with poor prognosis. Am J Surg Pathol. 1988;12:754–758
  23. Kalyanasundaram K, Ganesan R, Perunovic B, McCluggage G. Diffusely infiltrating endometrial carcinomas with no stromal response: report of a series, including cases with cervical and ovarian involvement and emphasis on the potential for misdiagnosis. Int J Surg Pathol. 2008 Dec 30;[Epub ahead of print]
  24. Murray SK, Young RH, Scully RE. Unusual epithelial and stromal changes in myoinvasive endometrioid adenocarcinoma: a study of their frequency, associated diagnostic problems, and prognostic significance. Int J Gynecol Pathol. 2003;22:324–333
  25. Lee KR, Vacek PA, Belinsen JL. Traditional and non-traditional histopathologic predictors of recurrence in uterine endometrioid adenocarcinoma. Gynecol Oncol. 1994;54:10–18
  26. Jordan LB, Al-Nafussi A. Clinicopathological study of the pattern and significance of cervical involvement in cases of endometrial adenocarcinoma. Int J Gynecol Cancer. 2002;12:42–48
  27. Eltabbakh GH, Moore AD. Survival of women with surgical stage II endometrial cancer. Gynecol Oncol. 1999;74:80–85
  28. Fanning J, Alvarez PM, Tukada Y, et al. Prognostic significance of the extent of cervical involvement by endometrial cancer. Gynecol Oncol. 1991;40:46–47
  29. Ayhan A, Taskiran C, Celik C, et al. The long-term survival of women with surgical stage II endometrioid type endometrial cancer. Gynecol Oncol. 2004;93:9–13
  30. Jobsen JJ, Schutter EM, Meerwaldt JH, et al. Treatment results in women with clinical stage I and pathologic stage II endometrial carcinoma. Int J Gynecol Cancer. 2001;11:49–53
  31. Scott M, Lyness RW, McCluggage WG. Atypical reactive proliferation of endocervix: a common lesion associated with endometrial carcinoma and likely related to prior endometrial sampling. Mod Pathol. 2006;19:470–474
  32. Tambouret R, Clement PB, Young RH. Endometrial endometrioid adenocarcinoma with a deceptive pattern of spread to the uterine cervix: a manifestation of stage IIb endometrial carcinoma liable to be misinterpreted as an independent carcinoma or a benign lesion. Am J Surg Pathol. 2003;27:1080–1088
  33. Nayar NG, Cross PA, Bulmer JN, et al. Comparison of examination of the entire uterine cervix with routine cervical sampling in hysterectomy specimens from women with endometrial cancer. J Clin Pathol. 2008;61:621–622
  34. Stefansson IM, Salvesen HB, Immervoll H, Akslen LA. Prognostic impact of histological grade and vascular invasion compared with tumour cell proliferation in endometrial carcinoma of endometrioid type. Histopathology. 2004;44:472–479
  35. Gal D, Recio FO, Zamurovic D, Tancer ML. Lymphovascular space involvement- a prognostic indicator in endometrial adenocarcinoma. Gynecol Oncol. 1991;42:142–145
  36. Hanson MB, van Nagell JR, Powell DE, et al. The prognostic significance of lymph-vascular space invasion in stage I endometrial cancer. Cancer. 1985;55:1753–1757
  37. Inoue Y, Obata K, Abe K, et al. The prognostic significance of vascular invasion by endometrial carcinoma. Cancer. 1996;78:1447–1451
  38. Yamazawa K, Seki K, Matsui H, et al. Significance of perivascular lymphocytic infiltrates in endometrial carcinoma. Cancer. 2001;91:1777–1784
  39. McKenney JK, Kong CS, Longacre TA. Endometrial adenocarcinoma associated with subtle lymph-vascular space invasion and lymph node metastasis: a histologic pattern mimicking intravascular and sinusoidal histiocytes. Int J Gynecol Pathol. 2004;24:73–78
  40. Mannelqvist M, Stefansson I, Salvesen HB, Akslen LA. Importance of tumour cell invasion in blood and lymphatic vasculature among patients with endometrial carcinoma. Histopathology. 2009;54:174–183
  41. Logani S, Herdman AV, Little JV, Moller KA, et al. Vascular “pseudo-invasion” in laparoscopic hysterectomy specimens: a diagnostic pitfall. Am J Surg Pathol. 2008;32:560–565
  42. Kitahara S, Walsh C, Frumovitz M, et al. Vascular pseudoinvasion in laparoscopic hysterectomy specimens for endometrial carcinoma. A grossing artefact?. Am J Surg Pathol. 2009;33:298–303
  43. O'Hanlan KA, Huang GS, Garnier AC, et al. Total laparoscopic hysterectomy versus total abdominal hysterectomy: cohort review of patients with uterine neoplasia. JSLS. 2005;9:277–286
  44. Culton LK, Deavers MT, Silva EG, et al. Endometrioid carcinoma simultaneously involving the uterus and the fallopian tube: a clinicopathologic study of 13 cases. Am J Surg Pathol. 2006;30:844–849
  45. Zaino R, Whitney C, Brady MF, et al. Simultaneously detected endometrial and ovarian carcinomas- a prospective clinicopathologic study of 74 cases: a gynaecologic oncology group study. Gynecol Oncol. 2001;83:355–362
  46. Ulbright TM, Roth LM. Metastatic and independent cancers of the endometrium and ovary: a clinicopathologic study of 34 cases. Hum Pathol. 1985;16:28–34
  47. Prat J, Matias-Guiu X, Barreto J. Simultaneous carcinoma involving the endometrium and the ovary. A clinicopathologic, immunohistochemical and DNA flow cytometric study of 18 cases. Cancer. 1991;65:2455–2459
  48. Pearl ML, Johnston CM, Frank TS, Roberts JA. Synchronous dual primary ovarian and endometrioid carcinoma. Int J Gynaecol Obstet. 1993;43:305–312
  49. Zaino RJ, Unger ER, Whitney C. Synchronous carcinomas of the uterine corpus and ovary. Gynecol Oncol. 1984;19:329–335
  50. Ayhan A, Yalcin OT, Tuncer ZS, Gurgan T, Kucukali T. Synchronous primary malignancies of the female genital tract. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 1992;45:63–66
  51. Ambros RA, Sherman ME, Zahn CM, Bitterman P, Kurman RJ. Endometrial intraepithelial carcinoma: distinctive lesion specifically associated with tumors displaying serous differentiation. Hum Pathol. 1995;26:1260–1267
  52. Wheeler DT, Bell KA, Kurman RJ, Sherman ME. Minimal uterine serous carcinoma: Diagnosis and clinicopathologic correlation. Am J Surg Pathol. 2000;24:797–806
  53. McCluggage WG, Sumathi VP, McManus DT. Uterine serous carcinoma and endometrial intraepithelial carcinoma arising in endometrial polyps: report of five cases including two associated with tamoxifen therapy. Hum Pathol. 2003;34:939–943
  54. Silva EG, Jenkins R. Serous carcinoma in endometrial polyps. Mod Pathol. 1990;3:120–128
  55. Goldstein NS, Uzieblo A. WT-1 immunoreactivity in uterine papillary serous carcinomas is different from ovarian serous carcinomas. Am J Clin Pathol. 2002;117:541–545
  56. Al-Hussaini M, Stockman A, Foster H, McCluggage WG. WT-1 assists in distinguishing ovarian from uterine serous carcinoma and in distinguishing between serous and endometrioid ovarian carcinoma. Histopathology. 2004;44:109–115
  57. McCluggage WG. WT1 is of value in ascertaining the site of origin of serous carcinomas within the female genital tract. Int J Gynecol Pathol. 2004;23:97–99
  58. Egan JA, Ionescu MC, Eapen E, et al. Can analysis of p53 and WT1 assist in distinguishing uterine serous carcinoma from uterine endometrioid carcinoma?. Int J Gynecol Pathol. 2004;23:119–122
  59. Acs G, Pasha T, Zhang PJ. WT1 is expressed in serous, but not in endometrioid, clear cell or mucinous carcinoma of the peritoneum, fallopian tube, ovaries and endometrium. Int J Gynecol Pathol. 2004;23:110–118
  60. Hashi A, Yuminamochi T, Murata S, et al. Wilms' tumor gene immunoreactivity in primary serous carcinomas of the fallopian tube, ovary, endometrium and peritoneum. Int J Gynecol Pathol. 2003;22:374–377
  61. Matias-Guiu X, Lagarda H, Catasus L, et al. Clonality analysis in synchronous or metachronous tumors of the female genital tract. Int J Gynecol Pathol. 2002;21:205–211
  62. Shenson DL, Gallion HH, Powell DE, Pieretti M. Loss of heterozygosity and genomic instability in synchronous endometrioid tumors of the ovary and endometrium. Cancer. 1995;4:650–657
  63. Moreno-Bueno G, Gamallo C, Perez-Gallego C, et al. Beta-catenin expression pattern, beta-catenin gene mutations and microsatellite instability in endometrioid ovarian carcinomas and synchronous endometrial carcinomas. Diagn Mol Pathol. 2001;10:116–122
  64. Fujita M, Enomoto T, Wada H, Inoue M, Okudaira Y, Shroyer KR. Application of clonal analysis. Differential diagnosis for synchronous primary ovarian and endometrial cancers and metastatic cancer. Am J Clin Pathol. 1996;105:350–359
  65. Brinkmann D, Ryan A, Ayhan A, et al. A molecular genetic and statistical approach for the diagnosis of dual-site cancers. J Natl Cancer Int. 2004;96:1441–1446
  66. Ramus SJ, Elmasry K, Luo Z, et al. Predicting clinical outcome in patients diagnosed with synchronous ovarian and endometrial cancer. Clin Cancer Res. 2008;14:5840–5848
  67. Fadare O, Mariappan MR, Hileeto D, et al. Upstaging based solely on positive peritoneal washing does not affect outcome in endometrial cancer. Mod Pathol. 2005;18:673–680
  68. Harouny VR, Sutton GP, Clark SA, et al. The importance of peritoneal cytology in endometrial carcinoma. Obstet Gynecol. 1988;72:394–398
  69. McLellan R, Dillon MB, Currie JL, et al. Peritoneal cytology in endometrial cancer: a review. Obstet Gynecol Survey. 1989;44:711–719
  70. Zaino RJ. FIGO staging of endometrial adenocarcinoma: a critical review and proposal. Int J Gynecol Pathol 2009; 28: 1–9.
  71. Lim S, Kim HS, Lee KB, et al. Does the use of a uterine manipulator with an intrauterine balloon in total laparoscopic hysterectomy facilitate tumor cell spillage into the peritoneal cavity in patients with endometrial cancer?. Int J Gynecol Cancer. 2008;18:1145–1149
  72. Sonoda Y, Zerbe M, Smith A, et al. High incidence of positive peritoneal cytology in low-risk endometrial cancer treated by laparoscopically assisted vaginal hysterectomy. Gynecol Oncol. 2001;80:378–382
  73. Eltabbakh GH, Mount SL. Laparoscopic surgery does not increase the positive peritoneal cytology among women with endometrial carcinoma. Gynecol Oncol. 2006;100:361–364
  74. Pecorelli S. Revised FIGO staging for carcinoma of the vulva, cervix and endometrium. Int J Gynaecol Obstet. 2009;105:103–104

PII: S1756-2317(09)00176-5

doi: 10.1016/j.mpdhp.2009.09.004

Diagnostic Histopathology
Volume 15, Issue 12 , Pages 571-581 , December 2009