Diagnostic Histopathology RSS feed: Current Issue. This monthly review journal aims to provide the practising diagnostic pathologist and trainee pathologist with up-to-date reviews on histopathology and cytology and related technical advances. Each issue contains invited articles on a variety of topics from experts in the field and includes a mini-symposium exploring one subject in greater depth. Articles consist of system-based, disease-based reviews and illustrated case reports. They update the readers on day-to-day diagnostic work and keep them informed of important new developments. The journal aims to cover the main breadth of hsitopathology in a three yearly cycle. Both the contributors and readership are seen as being International. The trend toward continuing education/accreditation has a strong influence in the shaping of the journal's content and is reflected in the inclusion of a self-assessment section. http://www.diagnostichistopathology.co.uk/?rss=yesElsevier Inc.en © 2010 Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Diagnostic Histopathology1756-2317182February 2012 © 2010 Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. healthpermissions@elsevier.comhttp://www.diagnostichistopathology.co.uk/article/PIIS1756231712000059/abstract?rss=yesEditorial board10.1016/S1756-2317(12)00005-9Diagnostic Histopathology 18, 2 (2012)2012-02-01Diagnostic Histopathology2012-02-01182S1756-2317(12)X0002-1iihttp://www.diagnostichistopathology.co.uk/article/PIIS1756231711001939/abstract?rss=yesAbstract: Current strategies for diagnosing lymphomas include molecular methodologies next to histomorphological assessment supplemented by immunohistochemistry. Especially PCR-based clonality analysis and detection of chromosome aberrations by FISH can support the diagnosis and classification in difficult cases. We have to ensure that these existing molecular methodologies are used to their full potential. Yet, such analyses are not required in every situation. Ongoing optimization, dissemination of (new) protocols, standardized interpretation, and education are essential elements to ensure best practice for patient care. Here we discuss why, when, and how to apply these molecular diagnostic methods in the field of lymphoma.Molecular diagnostics in lymphoma: why, when and how to applyTim C. Diss, Thierry J. Molina, Jose Cabeçadas, Anton W. Langerak10.1016/j.mpdhp.2011.11.005Diagnostic Histopathology 18, 2 (2012)2011-12-19Diagnostic Histopathology2011-12-19182S1756-2317(12)X0002-1Mini-Symposium: Molecular Diagnosis in Pathology5363http://www.diagnostichistopathology.co.uk/article/PIIS1756231711001940/abstract?rss=yesAbstract: Mammographic screening programs were introduced to improve outcomes for women with breast cancer by detecting small, early stage tumours. Although endocrine therapy has played a significant role in decreasing mortality, there can be little doubt that early detection has also contributed to the reduced mortality rates seen for breast cancer patients in recent years. An important side-effect of mammographic screening is that it has also identified atypical proliferative, borderline and pre-invasive lesions with increasing frequency. The difficult histological diagnosis of these lesions and their uncertain risk of progression to invasive disease presents considerable clinical difficulties. We present a review of the molecular pathology of common pre-invasive lesions of the breast particularly discussing diagnosis on needle core biopsy, their risk of progression, and clinical management following their mammographic detection.Molecular pathology of pre-invasive breast disease in the screening setting: application in diagnosis and managementAmy E. McCart Reed, Margaret C. Cummings, Sunil R. Lakhani, Peter T. Simpson10.1016/j.mpdhp.2011.11.006Diagnostic Histopathology 18, 2 (2012)2011-12-22Diagnostic Histopathology2011-12-22182S1756-2317(12)X0002-1Mini-Symposium: Molecular Diagnosis in Pathology6469http://www.diagnostichistopathology.co.uk/article/PIIS1756231711001903/abstract?rss=yesAbstract: Molecular typing of colorectal cancer (CRC) is at an early stage of development with analysis of KRAS mutation status and DNA mismatch repair (MMR) deficiency representing the two major approaches currently in use for diagnosis and treatment-related purposes. RAS proteins act as molecular switches that regulate cellular processes including cell growth and survival. Activating KRAS mutations are found in 40–50% of colorectal adenomas and cancers. Detection of KRAS mutations guide the decision to use anti-EGFR antibody therapy, which is not effective in KRAS mutant cancers. MMR deficiency results in failure to repair replication-associated DNA errors, allowing persistence of mismatch mutations all over the genome, especially in regions of repetitive DNA known as microsatellites, giving rise to microsatellite instability (MSI). A high frequency of microsatellite instability (MSI-H) often with abnormal expression of MMR proteins is key to the diagnosis of Lynch Syndrome, but is also observed in ∼15% of sporadic CRC.Molecular typing of colorectal cancer: applications in diagnosis and treatmentAshraf E.K. Ibrahim, Mark J. Arends10.1016/j.mpdhp.2011.11.002Diagnostic Histopathology 18, 2 (2012)2011-12-19Diagnostic Histopathology2011-12-19182S1756-2317(12)X0002-1Mini-Symposium: Molecular Diagnosis in Pathology7080http://www.diagnostichistopathology.co.uk/article/PIIS1756231711001927/abstract?rss=yesAbstract: Molecular techniques have become quite crucial for diagnostic histopathology. Their application in sarcomas, both in bone as well as in soft tissue, have been quite successful. Being sarcomas quite rare and diagnostically challenging, the use of ancillary molecular diagnostic tools is quite useful. Furthermore, thanks to the results of previous and ongoing research, specific genetic alterations are found to be strongly associated with several distinct mesenchymal lesions. Molecular techniques allow: 1. better disease definition and therefore more accurate diagnostics, 2. identification of molecular predictive and prognostic markers, 3. unravelling novel molecular targets for more specific therapeutic approach and eventual drug development. The pathologist has a crucial role: 1. in selecting the adequate materials for these analyses, 2. choosing the adequate technology for the given questions and 3. in integrating the results of these analyses with the clinico-pathological features to render a final diagnosis. Here we review the major applications of this approach and discuss its use and limits.The clinical impact of molecular techniques on diagnostic pathology of soft tissue and bone tumoursSalvatore Romeo, Angelo P. Dei Tos, Pancras C.W. Hogendoorn10.1016/j.mpdhp.2011.11.004Diagnostic Histopathology 18, 2 (2012)2011-12-19Diagnostic Histopathology2011-12-19182S1756-2317(12)X0002-1Mini-Symposium: Molecular Diagnosis in Pathology8185http://www.diagnostichistopathology.co.uk/article/PIIS1756231711001897/abstract?rss=yesAbstract: Despite great advances in treatment of liver disease, liver transplant remains the only cure for end stage liver disease and hepatocellular carcinoma. Successful management of immediate and intermediate post-transplant events determines the overall graft outcome, and pathologists play a key role in achieving long-term graft survival. In evaluating liver allograft biopsies, bile duct changes frequently pose diagnostic dilemma as they could occur in association with or the result of various causes of graft dysfunction, but in which accurate classification and interpretation is key to subsequent management. The approach to interpreting these changes share some similarity to the non-transplant liver biopsy interpretation but several additional factors come into play in transplant setting sometimes making interpretation more complex. This review describes bile duct changes occurring in association with various clinical entities in liver allografts, such as acute and chronic rejection, obstruction, small-for-size syndrome, recurrent biliary diseases, and recurrent fibrosing cholestatic hepatitis C, and others, and discusses an approach to interpreting and reporting them.Evaluating and interpreting bile duct changes in liver allograft biopsiesSara Hafezi-Bakhtiari, Oyedele A. Adeyi10.1016/j.mpdhp.2011.11.001Diagnostic Histopathology 18, 2 (2012)2011-12-26Diagnostic Histopathology2011-12-26182S1756-2317(12)X0002-1Review8693http://www.diagnostichistopathology.co.uk/article/PIIS1756231711001915/abstract?rss=yesAbstract: Sclerosing pneumocytoma is a rare low grade lung tumour which often presents as an incidental finding on chest imaging. These tumours are typically solitary, well circumscribed, peripheral lung lesions which have a well defined pathology characterized by a dual cell population. These tumours typically display a range of architectural appearances which raises a number of potential differential diagnoses. Tumours with a predominantly papillary architecture or clear cell morphology may be erroneously diagnosed as metastatic adenocarcinoma. A peculiar feature of these tumours is membrane immunopositivity with the proliferation marker Ki-67/MIB-1 which can assist in the diagnosis. We describe a case of this unusual tumour and consider the range of pathological differentials, which are a potential pitfall in the diagnosis.A solitary lung lesion with heterogeneous histological featuresSarah L. Bell, Craig P. Dick10.1016/j.mpdhp.2011.11.003Diagnostic Histopathology 18, 2 (2012)2011-12-12Diagnostic Histopathology2011-12-12182S1756-2317(12)X0002-1Instructive Case9496